The order marks a sharp escalation in U.S. AI controls, moving beyond chips and cloud access to restrict use of frontier models themselves. By forcing Anthropic to bar foreign nationals from its most powerful systems, including employees and customers inside the United States, the government is treating model capability as a controlled national-security asset. The move could reshape AI export compliance, but it also raises immediate questions over enforceability, allied access and whether broad nationality-based limits could weaken legitimate cybersecurity research.
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